Adjustable type workbench surface adjusts a method with what measure axes verticality

Then, taking The Three-point-supporting Table And The Conical-surface-supporting Table Used In A Vertical Optimeter For Examples, it Details The Operating Methods And Skills For Adjusting The Verticality Between The Table And Measuring Axis.

Keywords: ? Overview of Adjustment Method1 of 　 of 　 of Table of 　 of 　 of  Etering Instrumentation spends metric instrument in end when aspirant travel nicety is measured quite, must be opposite of the instrument adjustable type workbench undertakes adjustment, make workbench surface and the verticality that measure axes reach permission precision range in. But, personnel of a few metric calibrating, the structure that because be opposite,works, adjust a principle to reach it is not quite clear to adjust a method, often spend more time, still cannot adjust workbench surface and the verticality that measure axes due precision. The article with vertical the three-point support workbench with optics commonly used plan and cone bearing workbench are exemple, talk adjustable the structure of type workbench, adjust principle and adjust a method. Carry out a proof, should adjust a method handy, adjust rate fast, precision is tall, can adjust workbench surface and the verticality that measure axes permission precision in 1 ～ 2min commonly (0.

In limits of 3 μ M) . 2 adjustable the structure of type workbench is adjustable the structure of type workbench is shown 1 times like the graph. Graph 1(a) is three-point support workbench, its superstratum nods bearing of A, B, C to wear by 3 bearing, among them C is fixed bearing dot, a and B are the mobile bearing point that makes by bolt of 2 fine tuning. Make lines of 2 mutual and perpendicular bend runner shaft by AC and BC. Attention, in installing workbench the taper hole in instrument base when, must mix AC of line of bend runner shaft photograph of azimuth of the left and right sides of BC and handlers, around is consistent, adjust bolt A and B, can make workbench surface and instrument measure axes mutual and perpendicular, achieve the goal that workbench adjusts. Graph 1(b) is cone bearing workbench, it is a derrick man elevator that wears by annular cone bearing. Through adjusting mutual and perpendicular left and right sides and two pairs of around adjust bolt A, B, C, D 4 times to change workbench the position of bearing of face of opposite Yu Zhui, achieve thereby adjust workbench the surface and measure the purpose with mutual and vertical axis. Graph 1 adjustable the structure of type workbench 3 adjustable of type workbench adjust a principle adjustable the adjustment of type workbench the principle is a basis " the two-phase on one plane is handed in part point-blank the two-phase that goes up at another plane hands in parallel linear, criterion this two plane are parallel " geometrical principle, the end panel that measuring the plane on axes to measure a cap through installing and those who place the gauge block on workbench face on the surface is mutual and parallel and achieve adjusted goal. The adjustment of workbench the principle is shown 2 times like the graph. Graph 2 adjustable of type workbench adjust 2(a) of primary reason graph and graph 2(b) to all can see, no matter be three-point support workbench, still be cone bearing workbench, workbench is actual exterior EE and good appearance CC intersect at P (narrate to go to the lavatory, the article all calls workbench surface and the surface when the end panel that measure a cap is parallel " good appearance " , and actual surface, good appearance all points to workbench of the gauge block that places on workbench on the surface) . The process of EE and CC coincide, dot P also moves along CC. When EE ＇ and CC coincide, workbench surface is good appearance. By the place that chooses P location, namely the distance of OP, can beg when giving a tilting workbench surface attune to be good appearance, place of the end panel that measure a cap is apart from T mobily, by graph 2(a) and graph 2(b) all attainable: δ of Tg α =2 / the N1 in type of D=2(N1-N2)/d (1) 　 -- gauge block park measures a cap left (before) half instrument reading; N2 -- gauge block park measures a cap right (hind) half instrument reading; D -- the planar diameter that measure a cap; α -- workbench is actual the included angle of the surface and good appearance. By type (1) can see, when two instruments reading difference is zero hour, namely δ when =N1-N2=0, workbench surface is good appearance. The adjustment of 4 workbench method 4.

1 　 T is worth seek solution 4.

1.

The T of workbench of 1 three-point support is worth. Because pursue POD of 3 medium Δ of Δ ABD ∽ , so OD=BD.

OP/AB (1) OD=t, BD= δ , the OP=l- Δ L in 3(a) of graph of L(of OP=l ± Δ , the OP=l+ Δ L) in graph 3(b) , AB=d/2, era enters type (1) gets T=2 δ (L ± Δ L)/d (2) by Δ Δ L=H is gotten in CKP.

Tg(α / 2) (2) pursues the T estimation of workbench of 3 three-point support calculates actually, because workbench surface banking angle is very small, α ≈ 0, can think Tg(α / δ of = of α of 2) ≈ 1/2tg / D, δ of the L=H that get Δ / D (3) type (3) generation enters type (2) , change brief hind: T=2l δ / D ± 2H.

(δ / D)2 (4) 　 is in a side of buy of workbench surface perch when C of fixed bearing center (graph 3(a) ) , t value presses type (the minus computation in 4) ; When be in small position a side (graph 3(b) ) , t value presses type (the positive sign computation in 4) . As a result of α ≈ 0, and D δ , at this moment (δ / D)2 approach Yu Ling, c of fixed bearing center is opposite to the high H of good appearance CC the influence that T is worth is negligible not plan, type (4) can adapt for T=2l δ / the T in type of D (5) 　 -- the distance of the end panel that measure a cap to good appearance; L -- measure axes and line of bend runner shaft to be in ideal is apparently umbriferous the distance between; δ -- reading of instrument of tall, low differs workbench; D -- the planar diameter that measure a cap. According to vertical optics plan the each design parameter of three-point support workbench: Workbench line of two bend runner shaft is perpendicular, pursue namely the ∠ ACB=90 ° in 1(a) , l=12.

5mm, be elected to measure a cap with D=8mm plane, with 10mm gauge block (size of gauge block dimension does not have an influence to adjusting) when adjusting, by type (5) is calculable give T=3.

The T in 3 δ type mixes 13 δ ≈ δ all with μ M plan. 4.

1.

The 　 T value of workbench of 2 cone bearing is in graph 2(b) , make BD ∥ AC respectively, BD ∥ AC, and BD=AC, BD=AC, join DD reachs CC, at this moment, DD and CC are handed in at P. Because ABQ of Δ of Δ CDP ≌ gets ∠ DCP= ∠ ° of CDP=180 of ∠ of BAQ= 　 　 - (+ α ) can you get DP=CPsin/sin(+ α by sine theorem) (is 6) the same as ABQ of Δ of ≌ of manage Δ CDP to get ° of DCP=180 of ∠ of 　 of 　 of α of ABQ=- of ∠ CDP= ∠ - by sine theorematic? / Sin(- α ) (7) DP+PD=CP+PC=D (8) 　 from type (6) , (7) , (8) can be gotten by graph 2(b) knowable OP=CP-OC=CP-D/2 reason is in Δ PPQ ∠ PQP= α / 2, PQ=AC=H gets PP=Htg(α / 2) gets thereby (9)t=OPtg α (10) 　 is in usually, the banking angle of workbench surface is very small, α ≈ 0, this can think Cos α =1, α of =2tg(of α of Tg α =sin / 2) , type (9) generation enters type (10) , and with α ≈ 0 undertake arranging for the condition, can get T=2(Dctg+H) .

Tg2(α / 2) (11) by type (1) gets Tg(α / 2)= δ / generation of the type on D general enters type (11) , criterion because T=2(Dctg+H) (12) is annular the bevel of bearing cone is lesser () of about 5 ° , the influence that bearing face is worth to T to the high H of good appearance is negligible not plan, criterion type (12) can adapt for T=2Dctg(δ / D)2 (13) 　 shows with vertical the design parameter D=76mm of workbench of bearing of optics plan cone, =5 ° , if choose the plane of D=8mm to measure a cap, by type (13) can get T=0.

2 ≈ of 027 δ 0.

The T in 2 type of 03 δ and δ all with μ M plan. Adjust to go to the lavatory, prevent accident, the T value that measures a few kinds of commonly used plane the cap now includes next lists. Watch of the T that express 　 is worth three-point support workbench δ of T=2l of workbench of bearing of cone of δ =N1-N2 μ M / δ of D/ μ Mt=2Dctg(/ D)2/ μ M/d=10mmd=8mmd=5mmd=3mmd=3mmd=5mmd=8mmd=10mm1.

251.

562.

504.

170.

50.

050.

020.

010.

012.

503.

135.

008, 3310.

200.

070.

030.

025.

006.

2510.

0016.

6720.

800.

300.

110.

077.

509.

3815.

0025.

0031.

700.

600.

240.

1610.

0012.

5020.

0033.

3343.

101.

100.

400.

3012.

5015.

6325.

0041.

6754.

801.

700.

700.

4015.

0018.

7530.

0050.

0066.

902.

501.

000.

6017.

5021.

8835.

0058.

3379.

503.

401.

300.

9020.

0025.

0040.

0066.

67812.

304.

401.

701.

1022.

5028.

1345.

0075.

00915.

605.

602.

201.

4025.

0031.

2550.

0083.

331019.

306.

902.

701.

704.

2 no matter be three-point support workbench,adjusting method, measure still is cone bearing workbench, its adjust a method is what the end panel measuring a cap that if the graph is shown 4 times,is in falls is left, right, before, hind 4 positions place gauge block, and according to the instrument the reading of tall, low differs δ to adjust a quantity to pursue certainly 4 adjustable of the gauge block when type workbench is adjusted place 　 * three-point support of workbench adjust a method to place gauge block in workbench and between the end panel that measure a cap, make gauge block is in left, right, before, hind 4 locally, see a picture 5. Adjust bolt A, criterion superstratum workbench makes bend have a change of luck move for axes with BC, can adjust direction of workbench surface AC tilt; Adjust bolt B, criterion superstratum workbench makes bend have a change of luck move for axes with AC, can adjust direction of workbench surface BC tilt. Such, adjust bolt A and B repeatedly, can make workbench surface and measure axes photograph perpendicular. Graph the adjustment of workbench of 5 three-point support method for example, anthology adjust AC(left, right) direction. By the graph position of park of 5(a) general gauge block is different, numerate instrument reading N1, move gauge block to the position next right, numerate instrument reading N2, at this moment, when the instrument reading difference with left, right place is δ =N1-N2 　 to exceed a regulation when δ , need to undertake the adjustment of workbench, according to the size of D and δ , be worth value of T of the fish in the watch by T, it is with low fiducial adjust workbench. It is when δ when, the place is right for low, n2 is low instrument reading; It is when δ when losing, the position is different for low, n1 is low instrument reading. When line of bend runner shaft (C of fixed bearing center) at high point a side (3(a) seeing a picture) , lift low a T is worth; When line of bend runner shaft at low a side (3(b) seeing a picture) , reduce low cost of a T. Fall through rising namely the instrument reading N when surface of A attainable workbench is good appearance, namely N=N2+tN=N1-t 　 manages together, by the graph before park of 5(b) general gauge block, hind the position, fall through rising before B undertakes BC(, hind) the adjustment that direction tilts. Current, hind after bend slop regulation of direction has been rectified, proofread left, right way again, till left, right, before, rear Xiang Jun is in formulary limits, think workbench surface and the verticality that measure axes are eligible. The adjustment of workbench of * cone bearing the adjustment of workbench of methodological cone bearing can undertake by 3 kinds of following methods. ① coarse adjustment -- T value revises a law. According to the size of D and δ , by T the value expresses fish T value, it is with low fiducial undertake workbench is adjusted. Through rotating bolt A, B(sees graph 1(b)) , the instrument reading after making adjust is N=N2-t, criterion workbench surface is in good appearance, if pursue,6 are shown. Graph the adjustment of workbench of 6 cone bearing essence of methodological 　 ② is moved -- high point moves small way. From T value watch can see, become when δ is not big, t value is very little, need not consider the impact that T is worth. Put gauge block in high point position directly (graph 6(a) ) , numerate instrument reading N1, move gauge block to low position again (graph 6(b) ) , numerate instrument reading N2, nod gauge block replace high next the position, through rotating bolt A, B, it is attune of instrument reading N1 N2, although N1=N2. Such iteration 1 ～ can adjust δ 2 times for 0, criterion workbench surface is in good appearance. ③ experience law -- turning point law. To skilled instrument handlers, the instrument reading change that also can press tall, low undertakes adjustment directly. Its method is, that is flashy instrument reading of the dot P in finding the 2(b) that be like a graph and coincide of dot O photograph, namely the indication of turning point. By the graph 6 get N=N2-t=N1-(t+ δ ) the N2 in 　 type -- low instrument reading; N1 -- reading of high point instrument; Adjust bolt of A, B, make be nodded high 1 reduce, at this moment low 2 also reduce. Reduce T when reading N2, when N1 reduces T+ δ , show workbench surface is good appearance. Continue to adjust bolt of A, B, n1 continues to reduce, and N2 increases instead, n2 by fall turn be the instant that rise is turning point. At this moment the indication that instrument reading is turning point, namely the instrument reading N that workbench surface is in good appearance. Manage together, direction of C, D also is adjusted by afore-mentioned methods, till A, B is mixed direction of C, D all till qualification. Here should point out, no matter be three-point support workbench or cone bearing workbench, when to in an attempt to 4 are shown left, right, before, hind 4 positions place gauge block to have answer test (proofread) when, if the reading of the instrument differs δ ,did not exceed formulary range (0.

3 μ M) , explain workbench surface already was in good appearance, finished workbench surface and the adjustment that measure axes verticality that is to say. ① of 　 of 5 a few specification should decide the instrument reading of tall, low, after begging a δ , adopt the jiggle spiral lifting device of workbench, low reading tone is 0 (do not change what change work makes stage appearance to tilt) , next, according to the size of δ , by T the value expresses fish T value, through adjusting bolt to make instrument reading is T or (- T) . Such, can make workbench is adjusted handier, rate is rapidder, and give error not easily. Bolt of jiggle of the mobile bearing A of ② three-point support workbench, B() with ball of steel of fixed bearing C() when the curvature radius when the contact that makes stage underside with go to work is abhorrent (vertical is optical plan it is paradigmatic) , should adjust workbench the when tilting meeting of another direction is affected already this one direction of mix up, consequently the influence adjusts rate. The radius that if make,the ball of bolt of 2 fine tuning carries radius and ball of fixed bearing steel is identical, can make the adjustment of workbench rate is a few rapidder. If ③ is the same as the workbench of vertical contact interferometer same, c of fixed bearing center the design is in the center of three-point support workbench (say strictly, be measure axes to go up in workbench face umbriferous that) . Such, there is necessarily when adjusting the point drops on line of bend runner shaft, at this moment T value is equal to 0, the reading that can press tall, low directly differs δ to undertake adjustment: If high point drops on line of bend runner shaft, lift low δ ; If low falls on line of bend runner shaft, reduce δ with respect to will high point. Just improve the composition of workbench slightly, can make the adjustment of workbench more handy, and can carry what the senior engineer makes a stand to adjust rate greatly. ④ is adjustable of type workbench adjust a method a lot of. Of article introduction is one kind obtains the means that adjusts a purpose quickly through be worth with ration, but what here should point out is, if be done only,understood adjustable of type workbench adjust principle and adjust a method, and do not be familiar with the performance that deserves to use an instrument and operation method, and a few detail that workbench adjusts and skill, error still will appear in adjusting a process, cause even adjust failure. This is taken to be being operated first adjustable for the metric calibrating personnel of type workbench instrument, more should bring to sb's attention. CNC Milling