Development of technology of machine tool numerical control is summarized

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0015in) , reached the top level at that time. 1952, masschusetts Institute of Technology is on milling machine of a vertical, mount an experimental numerical control system, came true successfully to control the movement of 3 axes at the same time. Machine tool of this numerical control is called by everybody machine tool of the first numerical control. This machine tool is an experimental machine tool, arrived November 1954, in the clique Er inferiors this on patent foundation, the first industrial numerical control machine tool by the United States this Dick this company (Bendix-Cooperation) formal production comes out. It is after this, begin from 1960, a few otherer industrial state home, if Germany, Japan is developed in succession, production and used numerical control machine tool. Appear at first in numerical control machine tool and obtain those who use is CNC Milling, because numerical control machine tool can solve general accuracy machine tool,be hard to be competent, the curve that need undertakes outline is machined or curved surface spare parts. However, what use as a result of the numerical control system at that time is valve, volume is huge, power comsumption is tall, accordingly besides use in martial branch outside, did not get popularizing use in other industry. Arrived after 1960, the numerical control machine tool that chooses position control got rapid development. Because order the numerical control system of position control,should get simply compared with system of outline pilot numerical control much. Accordingly, boring machine of CNC Milling, punching machine, coordinate develops in great quantities, make clear according to statistical data, in the machine tool of about 6000 numerical control that uses actually 1966, the 85% machine tools that are bit of position control. In the development of numerical control machine tool, be worth what carry is machining center. This is one kind has the numerical control machine tool that trades knife unit automatically, it can come true to workpiece holds card and have the treatment of multitask foreword. This kind of product is at first in March 1959, by the United States card is able to bear or endure · spy thunder restrains a company (Keaney&TreckerCorp.

) development comes out. This kind of machine tool has the tap, broach, reamer, cutting tool such as milling cutter in knife library traditional Chinese clothes, the instruction that takes according to perforation chooses cutting tool automatically, it is cutting tool outfit through manipulator on main shaft, undertake machining to workpiece. It can shorten of the spare parts on the machine tool assemble and unassemble time and change the time of cutting tool. Machining center has made a kind of very important variety in numerical control machine tool now, the not only vertical, horizontal boring mill that is used at treatment of casing spare parts kind machining center, useful still the turning center that machines at circumgyrate whole part, grinding center. 1967, england joins machine tool of a few numerical control into above all have flexible treatment system, this is so called flexible production system (FlexibleManufacturingSystem -- FMS) later, beautiful, Europe, day also have development and application in succession. After 1974, as the rapid development of microelectronics technology, microprocessor is used at numerical control machine tool directly, make the software function of numerical control is strengthened, development controls a machine tool into computer number (abbreviation is CNC machine tool) , drove numerical control machine tool further gain ground to apply and develop energetically. 80 time, 1 ～ appeared on international 4 machining center or turning center give priority to body, deserve to go up again workpiece assembles and unassemble automatically and monitoring examines of device flexible production unit (FlexibleManufacturingCell -- FMC) . This kind of unit investment is little, get effective fast, already but alone long little person guard moves, also but compositive to FMS or use in more advanced compositive production system. Current, FMS also is machined from cutting to plank cold make, solder, assemble wait for a domain to expand, from which small lot treatment machines development to large quantities of quantities. Technology of machine tool numerical control, be considered as the fundamental technology of contemporary and mechanical automation. CNC Milling